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KONSEP PERENCANAAN DAN PERANCANGAN

GELANGGANG OLAHRAGA DENGAN PENDEKATAN TRANSPROGRAMMING DI KABUPATEN BANYUMAS

TUGAS AKHIR

Diajukan sebagai Syarat untuk Mencapai Gelar Sarjana Arsitektur

Universitas Sebelas Maret

Disusun Oleh : Afni Khoiru Rozan

I0215003

Dosen Pembimbing: Ummul Mustaqimah, S.T, M.T

Dr. Ir. Mohammad Muqoffa, M.T

PROGRAM STUDI ARSITEKTUR FAKULTAS TEKNIK

UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET SURAKARTA

2019


iii

KATA PENGANTAR

Puji syukur atas kehadirat Allah SWT, atas segala limpahan Nikmat, Rahmat, dan

Karunia-Nya sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan Tugas Akhir Program Studi Arsitektur ini

yang berjudul ‘Gelanggang Olahraga dengan Pendekatan Transprogramming di Kabupaten

Banyumas’. Tugas Akhir ini bertujuan utama sebagai salah satu syarat untuk mendapatkan

gelar Sarjana Arsitektur dari Program Studi Arsitektur, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sebelas

Maret (UNS) Surakarta.

Dalam proses pengerjaan Tugas Akhir ini penulis sangat mendapatkan banyak bantuan

dari pihak-pihak yang dengan ikhlas membantu kelancaran pengerjaan Tugas Akhir penulis.

Oleh karena itu penulis mengucapkan ucapan rasa terimakasih dan penghargaan sebesar-

besarnya kepada pihak-pihak tersebut yang telah berjasa pada proses pengerjaan Tugas Akhir

penulis. Ucapan terimakasih dan penghargaan sebesar-besarnya penulis sampaikan kepada:

1.Kepala Prodi Arsitektur UNS, Ir. Untung Joko Cahyono, M.Arch

2.Pembimbing Akademik penulis, Bapak Ir. Widi Suroto, M.T

3.Dosen Pembimbing 1 Tugas Akhir penulis, Ibu Ummul Mustaqimah, S.T. M.T

4.Dosen Pembimbing 2 Tugas Akhir penulis, Ir. M Muqoffa, M.T

5.Ibunda dari penulis, Ibu Nur Isnaeni

6.Ayah dari Penulis, Bapak Khafidz Mugi Prayitno

7.Saudara dan keluarga besar penulis

8.Teman-teman penulis di Arsitektur UNS 2015

Penulis dangat menyadari bahwa Tugas Akhir ini masih jauh dari kata sempurna karena

kesempurnaan yang sejati hanya milik Allah SWT. Namun penulis berharap Tugas Akhir ini

dapat memberikan manfaat bagi penulis, pembaca, maupun Pendidikan terkhusus dunia

arsitektur. Demikian yang dapat penulis sampaikan, jika ada kesalahan penulis memohon maaf

sebesar-besarnya. Terimakasih.

Surakarta, 16 Maret 2019

Penulis

Afni Khoiru Rozan

NIM. I0215003


iv

DAFTAR ISI

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ........................................................................................ II

KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................................... III

DAFTAR ISI.............................................................................................................. IV

DAFTAR GAMBAR .............................................................................................. VIII

DAFTAR TABEL .................................................................................................... XII

BAB I PENDAHULUAN ............................................................................................. 1

A. PENGERTIAN JUDUL ..................................................................................... 1

1. Gelanggang .................................................................................................... 1

2. Olahraga ......................................................................................................... 1

3. Gelanggang Olahraga..................................................................................... 1

4. Kabupaten Banyumas .................................................................................... 1

5. Gelanggang Olahraga dengan Pendekatan Transprogramming di Kabupaten

Banyumas 2

B. LATAR BELAKANG ....................................................................................... 2

1. Perkembangan Olahraga di Kabupaten Banyumas ........................................ 2

2. Gelanggang Olahraga sebagai solusi permasalahan ...................................... 2

3. Pendekatan transprogramming sebagai strategi Desain ................................. 3

C. PERMASALAHAN DAN PERSOALAN ......................................................... 4

1. Permasalahan ................................................................................................. 4

2. Persoalan ........................................................................................................ 4

D. TUJUAN DAN SASARAN ............................................................................... 5

1. Tujuan ............................................................................................................ 5

2. Sasaran ........................................................................................................... 5

E. LINGKUP DAN BATASAN ............................................................................. 5

1. Lingkup .......................................................................................................... 5

2. Batasan ........................................................................................................... 5

F. SISTEMATIKA PEMBAHASAN .................................................................... 6

1. BAB I PENDAHULUAN .............................................................................. 6

2. BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA DAN PRESEDEN..................................... 6

3. BAB III METODE ......................................................................................... 6

4. BAB IV TINJAUAN LOKASI ...................................................................... 6


v

5. BAB V OBJEK YANG AKAN DIRANCANG ............................................ 6

6. BAB VI ANALISIS PERENCANAAN DAN PERANCANGAN ............... 7

7. BAB VII KONSEP PERENCANAAN DAN PERANCANGAN................. 7

G. DIAGRAM POLA PIKIR .................................................................................. 7

BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA DAN PRESEDEN ................................................. 8

A. TINJAUAN UMUM OLAHRAGA ................................................................... 8

1. Pengertian dan Tujuan Olahraga .................................................................... 8

2. Manfaat Olahraga........................................................................................... 8

3. Macam-macam Olahraga ............................................................................... 8

B. TINJAUAN UMUM DAN LANDASAN TEORI GELANGGANG

OLAHRAGA ......................................................................................................................... 9

1. Pengertian ...................................................................................................... 9

2. Klasifikasi Gelanggang Olahraga .................................................................. 9

3. Persyaratan dan Standar Klasifikasi Bangunan Gelanggang Olahraga ....... 10

C. TINJAUAN TEORI TRANSPROGRAMMING ............................................. 11

1. Hubungan Concept, Context, dan Content oleh Bernard Tschumi .............. 11

2. Pendekatan Transprogramming oleh Bernard Tshumi ................................ 12

D. TINJAUAN TERHADAP PROYEK SEJENIS ATAU PRESEDEN .............. 13

1. Gedung Olahraga Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta ...................................... 13

2. California State University Student Recreation Center ............................... 16

3. Kesimpulan .................................................................................................. 18

BAB III METODE PERANCANGAN .................................................................... 19

A. METODE PENGOLAHAN DATA ................................................................. 19

1. Tahap pengumpulan data ............................................................................. 19

2. Tahap pengolahan data ................................................................................ 19

B. METODE ANALISIS DATA .......................................................................... 19

1. Analisis deskriptif ........................................................................................ 19

2. Komparasi .................................................................................................... 19

3. Sintesis ......................................................................................................... 20

C. DIAGRAM POLA PIKIR ................................................................................ 20

BAB IV TINJAUAN LOKASI KABUPATEN BANYUMAS ............................... 21

A. TINJAUAN KABUPATEN BANYUMAS ..................................................... 21


vi

1. Geografis ...................................................................................................... 21

2. Pembagian administratif .............................................................................. 22

3. Jarak Kabupaten Banyumas ke Daerah Lain ............................................... 23

B. TINJAUAN KECAMATAN KARANGLEWAS DAN DESA PANGEBATAN

SEBAGAI LOKASI TAPAK ............................................................................................... 24

1. Geografi ....................................................................................................... 24

2. Desa Pangebatan .......................................................................................... 25

C. PERATURAN RTRW ..................................................................................... 25

1. Pusat Kegiatan ............................................................................................. 26

2. Ketinggian Bangunan................................................................................... 27

3. KDB ............................................................................................................. 27

4. KDH ............................................................................................................. 27

5. Garis Sempadan ........................................................................................... 28

BAB V OBJEK YANG AKAN DIRANCANG ....................................................... 29

A. DESKRIPSI OBJEK RANCANG BANGUNAN GELANGGANG

OLAHRGA 29

B. VISI, MISI, DAN TUJUAN ............................................................................. 29

1. VISI .............................................................................................................. 29

2. MISI ............................................................................................................. 29

3. Tujuan .......................................................................................................... 29

C. KELEMBAGAAN ........................................................................................... 30

D. PENGGUNA KEGIATAN DAN KEBUTUHAN RUANG ............................ 30

E. PERATURAN/PERSYARATAN BANGUNAN DAN RUANG ................... 32

1. Ketinggian Bangunan................................................................................... 32

2. KDB ............................................................................................................. 33

3. KDH ............................................................................................................. 33

4. Garis Sempadan ........................................................................................... 33

BAB VI ANALISIS PERENCANAAN DAN PERANCANGAN .......................... 34

A. ANALISIS PERENCANAAN ......................................................................... 34

1. Pencapaian (makro), kawasan ( Meso), dan Tapak (mikro) ........................ 34

2. Batas dan Luas Tapak .................................................................................. 36

3. View, Orientasi Matahari, Sirkulasi Udara, dan Kebisingan ....................... 36


vii

B. ANALISIS PERANCANGAN ........................................................................ 37

1. Peruangan ..................................................................................................... 37

2. Sirkulasi (sirkulasi, sirkuit balap, dan olahraga rekreatif) ........................... 46

3. Tampilan Bangunan ..................................................................................... 47

4. Sistem Struktur............................................................................................. 48

5. Utilitas .......................................................................................................... 50

BAB VII KONSEP PERENCANAAN DAN PERANCANGAN ........................... 53

A. KONSEP PERENCANAAN ........................................................................... 53

1. Konsep sirkulasi tapak ................................................................................. 53

2. Respon Desain Terhadap Lingkungan ......................................................... 54

3. Konsep zonasi .............................................................................................. 55

B. KONSEP PERANCANGAN ........................................................................... 55

1. Konsep Peruangan ....................................................................................... 55

2. Tingkat Efisiensi yang didapatkan dari integrasi ......................................... 63

3. Penjadwalan dan Skema Pengaturan Konfigurasi Pada Event Tertentu ...... 65

4. Konsep Massa dan Tampilan Bangunan ...................................................... 70

5. Konsep tampilan landscape kawasan ........................................................... 75

6. Konsep Sistem Struktur ............................................................................... 76

7. Konsep Utilitas............................................................................................. 80

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ................................................................................................. 84

LAMPIRAN 1 PEDOMAN SIRKUIT BALAP ..................................................... 85

LAMPIRAN 2 STANDAR LAPANGAN BASKET INTERNASIONAL ............ 87

LAMPIRAN 3 STANDAR LAPANGAN BOLA VOLI INTERNASIONAL ...... 88

LAMPIRAN 4 STANDAR LAPANGAN BULUTANGKIS INTERNASIONAL89

LAMPIRAN 6 STANDAR KOLAM RENANG INTERNASIONAL .................. 90

LAMPIRAN 7 STANDAR ARENA BELADIRI .................................................... 95

A. STANDAR ARENA KARETE ....................................................................... 95

B. STANDAR ARENA PENCAK SILAT ........................................................... 95

LAMPIRAN 8 STANDAR LAPANGAN SEPAKBOLA INTERNASIONAL .... 96

LAMPIRAN 9 STANDAR LAPANGAN TENIS INTERNASIONAL ................. 97

LAMPIRAN 10 STANDAR PANAHAN ................................................................. 98


viii

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 1: Pola Pikir Perencanaan dan Perancangan .................................................... 7

Gambar 2: GOR UNY ................................................................................................. 13

Gambar 3: Layout GOR UNY ..................................................................................... 14

Gambar 4: Denah Lantai Dasar dan Lantai 2 ............................................................... 14

gambar 5: Kapasitas Tribun Lantai 3 ........................................................................... 14

Gambar 6: Detail Luas Area Indoor Lantai 1 Dan 2 .................................................... 15

Gambar 7: California State University Student Recreation Center ............................. 16

Gambar 8: layout.......................................................................................................... 17

Gambar 9: denah lantai 1 dan 2 ................................................................................... 17

Gambar 10 : Metode .................................................................................................... 20

Gambar 11: Lokasi Kabupaten Banyumas .................................................................. 21

Gambar 12: Pembagian Administratif Kabupaten Banyumas ..................................... 22

Gambar 13: Peta Kecamatan Karanglewas .................................................................. 24

Gambar 14: Penggunaan Lahan di Kecamatan Karanglewas ...................................... 24

Gambar 15: Peta Desa Pangebatan .............................................................................. 25

Gambar 16: Penggunaan Lahan Kabupaten Banyumas ............................................... 25

Gambar 17: Pusat Kegiatan Kabupaten Banyumas ..................................................... 26

Gambar 18: Kawasan Purwokerto ............................................................................... 26

Gambar 19: Kelembagaan............................................................................................ 30

Gambar 20: Akses Kabupaten Banyumas.................................................................... 34

Gambar 21: Akses Kota Purwokerto ........................................................................... 35

Gambar 22: Lokasi Tapak ............................................................................................ 35

Gambar 23: Batas Tapak .............................................................................................. 36

Gambar 24: Analisis Matahari ..................................................................................... 37

Gambar 25: Analisis Udara .......................................................................................... 37

Gambar 26 : Hubungan Kegiatan Penyelenggara ........................................................ 42

Gambar 27 : Hubungan Kegiatan Atlet Dan Staff Atlet .............................................. 42

Gambar 28 : Hubungan Kegiatan Pembalap Dan Tim ................................................ 43

Gambar 29: Hubungan Kegiatan Media Dan Pers ....................................................... 43

Gambar 30 : Kelompok Kegiatan Penonton Dan Pengunjung .................................... 44

Gambar 31 : Hubungan Kegiatan Penunjang Dan Pelayanan ..................................... 44

Gambar 32 : Hubungan Kelompok Program Luar ....................................................... 45


ix

Gambar 33 : Hubungan Skala Makro .......................................................................... 45

Gambar 34 : Pengelompokan ....................................................................................... 46

Gambar 35: Sirkulasi sebagai Sirkulasi ....................................................................... 46

Gambar 36: Sirkulasi sebagai Sirkulasi ....................................................................... 47

Gambar 37: Sirkulasi Sebagai Jogging Track .............................................................. 47

Gambar 38: Gubahan Massa ........................................................................................ 47

Gambar 39: Bentuk Olahraga ...................................................................................... 48

Gambar 40: Struktur kabel ........................................................................................... 48

Gambar 41: Struktur Membran .................................................................................... 49

Gambar 42: Struktur Cangkang ................................................................................... 49

Gambar 43: Struktur Space Frame .............................................................................. 50

Gambar 44: Sistem Air Bersih ..................................................................................... 50

Gambar 45: Sistem Penangkal Petir ............................................................................ 51

Gambar 46: Konsep Sirkulasi ...................................................................................... 53

Gambar 47: Respon Terhadap Matahari ...................................................................... 54

Gambar 48: Respon Terhadap Udara ........................................................................... 54

Gambar 49 : Zonasi ...................................................................................................... 55

Gambar 50: Hubungan Ruang Kawasan ...................................................................... 55

Gambar 51: Gelanggang 1 ........................................................................................... 56

Gambar 52 : Gelanggang 2 .......................................................................................... 57



Gambar 55 : Zona Pusat ............................................................................................... 59

Gambar 56 : Zona Publik ............................................................................................. 59

Gambar 57 : Ruang Terbuka ........................................................................................ 60

Gambar 58 : Sirkulasi .................................................................................................. 60

Gambar 59: Efisiensi 1................................................................................................. 63







Gambar 66 : Konfigurasi Sirkulasi .............................................................................. 66


x

Gambar 67 : Konfigurasi Sirkulasi Malam .................................................................. 67

Gambar 68 : Keterangan Sirkuit Balap ........................................................................ 67

Gambar 69 : Jembatan Dan Underpass Sirkulasi Sekunder Saat Adanya Ajang Balap

.................................................................................................................................................. 67

Gambar 70 : Konflik Yang Terjadi .............................................................................. 68

Gambar 71 : Konfigurasi Siang Malam ....................................................................... 69

Gambar 72 : Kondisi Malam Hari ............................................................................... 70

Gambar 73 : Pengkondisian Malam Hari ..................................................................... 70

Gambar 74: Massa Majemuk ....................................................................................... 71

Gambar 75: Massa Dinamis ......................................................................................... 71

Gambar 76: Massa 1 .................................................................................................... 72

Gambar 77 : Tampilan Gelanggang 1 .......................................................................... 72

Gambar 78: Konsep Massa 2 ....................................................................................... 73


Gambar 80:Konsep Massa 3 ....................................................................................... 73


Gambar 82 : Konsep Massa 4 ...................................................................................... 74


Gambar 84: Landscape ................................................................................................ 75

Gambar 85 : Corak Kawasan ....................................................................................... 76

Gambar 86: Struktur Kabel Dan Membran .................................................................. 78

Gambar 87: Struktur Space Frame ............................................................................... 79

Gambar 88: Struktur Space Frame ............................................................................... 79

Gambar 89: Struktur Rangka, Membran, dan Kabel Pada Tribun Outdoor ................ 80

Gambar 90 : Tribun Indoor .......................................................................................... 80

Gambar 91: Skema Air ................................................................................................ 81

Gambar 92 : IPAL ........................................................................................................ 81

Gambar 93 : Kolam Retensi ......................................................................................... 82

Gambar 94: Jalur Tanggap Kebakaran ........................................................................ 82

Gambar 95: Skema Penangkal Petir ............................................................................ 83

Gambar 96: Sirkuit Balap ............................................................................................ 85

Gambar 97: Lapangan Basket ...................................................................................... 87

Gambar 98: Lapangan Voli .......................................................................................... 88

Gambar 99: Lapangan Bulutangkis ............................................................................. 89


xi

Gambar 100: Kolam Renang ....................................................................................... 90





Gambar 105: Arena Karate .......................................................................................... 95

Gambar 106: Arena Pencak Silat ................................................................................. 95

Gambar 107: Lapangan Sepakbola .............................................................................. 96

Gambar 108: Lapangan Tenis ...................................................................................... 97

Gambar 109: Panahan .................................................................................................. 98


xii

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 1: Jenis Olahraga Berdasarkan KONI .................................................................. 9

Tabel 2 : Klasifikasi Gelanggang Olahraga ................................................................. 10

Tabel 3: Ukuran Gelanggang Olahraga ....................................................................... 10

Tabel 4: Kapasitas Gelanggang Olahraga .................................................................... 11

Tabel 5: Fasilitas Lapangan GOR UNY ...................................................................... 15

Tabel 6: Fasilitas Hall GOR UNY ............................................................................... 15

Tabel 7: Fasilitas Lain GOR UNY............................................................................... 16

Tabel 8: Fasilitas California State University Student Recreation Center ................... 17

Tabel 9: Kesimpulan Preseden..................................................................................... 18

Tabel 10: Batas Kabupaten Banyumas ........................................................................ 21

Tabel 11: Kecamatan di Banyumas ............................................................................. 22

Tabel 12: Jarak Banyumas ke Daerah Lain ................................................................. 23

Tabel 13: Kebutuhan Ruang ........................................................................................ 30

Tabel 14: ruang penyelenggara .................................................................................... 38

Tabel 15: ruang atlet dan staff atlet.............................................................................. 38

Tabel 16: ruang pembalap dan tim............................................................................... 39

Tabel 17: ruang media dan pers ................................................................................... 39

Tabel 18: ruang penonton dan pengunjung .................................................................. 40

Tabel 19: ruang penunjang dan pelayanan................................................................... 40

Tabel 20: ruang luar ..................................................................................................... 41

Tabel 21: total luas ruang ............................................................................................. 41

Tabel 22: sistem pemadam kebakaran ......................................................................... 51

Tabel 23: Respon Desain terhadap lingkungan ........................................................... 54

Tabel 24:Konsep Integrasi ........................................................................................... 61

Tabel 25: Tingkat Efisiensi .......................................................................................... 63

Tabel 26 : Konfigurasi Sirkulasi .................................................................................. 66

Tabel 27: Efisiensi Pemilihan Struktur Kabel ............................................................. 76

Tabel 28:Efisiensi Pemilihan Struktur Membran ........................................................ 77

Tabel 29: Efisiensi Pemilihan Struktur Space Frame .................................................. 78

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