Consequencesof Sri Lanka Conflict

Chapter 4

RECALL

Racial DifferencesSinhalese vs. Tamils

Citizenship Rights “Sinhala Only” Policy

University Admission Criteria

Resettlement

Identify 4 causes of conflict in Sri Lanka

How important is social cohesion in multi-ethnic societies?

Tigers

“An eye for an eye will only make the whole world blind.”

― Mahatma Gandhi

Sri Lanka Conflict

Political Consequences

Economic Consequences

Social Consequences

Political Consequences

Political Consequences

Armed Conflict

Foreign Intervention

Armed Conflict

1Why would any group resort to violence to achieve what they want?

2How did the conflict in Sri Lanka become so violent?

Questions

Timeline of Conflict

Tamils demanded peacefully for fair treatment.

The Federal Party asked for Tamil areas to be recognised as a federation

Before 1950

1950

Tamil United Liberation Front is formed and it asked for a separate independent state – Tamil Eelam.

After the idea for separated state was rejected, Tamils became angry and dissatisfiedwith government.

1976

May 1976

Tamil youths formed the LTTE as non-violent methods were ineffective.

The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam

LTTE

Leader of LTTEVelupillai Pirapaharan

Killed 6 aid workers who were constructing "Village of Hope“. Another 3 aid workers suffer serious gunshot injuries.

April 1 2007

LTTE planted a bomb in Rathmalana, targeting a truck carrying Sri Lanka Police personnel killing 7 civilians and injuring more than 39 people. Amongst dead was a pregnant mother.

May 28 2007

RESULT

Conflict between Sinhalese and Tamils

Armed Conflict

Sri Lankan Government

LTTE

VS

Foreign Intervention

What happens when 2 countries are in conflict and there seems to be no resolution?

Question

What is a mediator?A neutral party that brings opposing sides together for a discussion

Definition

Sri Lankan Government

LTTE

VS

1983Dialogue between the 2 parties

OutcomeNo parties could come to an agreement

Attempt

1987India pressured Sri Lanka to sign a peace accord.

OutcomeAlthough peace accord was signed, Tamil Tigers did not disarm and Indian troops took control by force.

Attempt

Fighting continued.

Economic Consequences

Unemployment Loss of Investment from Other Countries

Fall in Number of Tourists

Unemployment

Factory and plantation

workers and self-employed lost their jobs.

Massiveunemployment1983 Riots

Looting and vandalism of shops and offices

1How does looting affect Sri Lanka?

2What impact does unemployment have on the country and its people?

Questions

Loss of Investment from Other Countries

What is foreign investment?

Investment (money or other resources) provided by other countries

Definition

Would you want to invest resources in an unstable country which has conflict?

Question

Why?

Fall in Number of Tourists

Sri Lanka depends heavily on tourism for country’s earnings

Fall in Sri

Lanka’s earning

Loss of jobs

Fall in number

of tourists

Fall in amount spent on improving Sri Lanka

Amenities Housing Transport

Social Consequences

Sri Lankan Tamils are driven out from homelandThousands of Tamils fled to Tamil Nadu in India as refugees.

Movement of Sri Lankan Refugees

- Refugee Camp

High Security Zones (HSZs) were set up by the Sri Lankan army to kept LTTE away. HSZs are monitored closely and access is controlled.

1990s

Refugee camp at a school in the Karainagar area

Ongoing fighting in their hometowns (e.g. Jaffna) added to the number of Tamils fleeing.

1. What social problems do refugees face?

2. What social problems do refugees cause?

Question

What is the Future of

Sri Lanka?

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