06a Perhitungan Cairan-elektrolit

8/11/2019 06a Perhitungan Cairan-elektrolit

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PERHITUNGAN

CAIRAN -ELEKTROLIT


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Cara membuat Dextr 7,5 %

D 7,5%:

D 7,5-5%/D40-5% = 2,5/35x100

= 250/35 cc= 7 cc

Dalam 1 burret (100 cc) berisi:D5% 93CC + 7 cc D 40%


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Cara membuat Dextr 12,5%

D 12,5%:

- 12,5-5%/D40-5%=7,5/35x100

=750/35 cc=21 cc

- Dalam 1 burret ( 100 cc) berisi:D 5% 79 cc + 21 cc D 40 %


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Comparison of Inotropic Drugs

Drug Uses

Epinephrine Symptomatic bradycardia

Shock (incl.anaphylactic)

Hypotension

Cardiopulmonary arrest

Dobutamine Normotensive cardiogenic

shock

Dopamine

Low Improve renal, splanchnic

blood flow

High Hypotension


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Dopamin Hydrochloride(Inotropin)

Indikasi:

Meningkatkan perfusi jaringan setelah adekuatfluid replacemant

Meningkatkan cardiac output dan strokevolume pd CHF

Low dose 0.5-5 mcg/kg/min meningkatkanrenal perfusion

Moderate dose 5-10mcg/kg/minmeningkatkan

cardiac output High dose 10-40 mcg/kg/min sytemic

perfusion


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Dopamin Hydrochloride(Inotropin)

Drip administration:

mg of dopamin/100 ml of solution=

6 X infantweight(kg)X desired dose(mcg/kg/min)

rate ( ml/h)


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Preparation of Drug Infusions

The Rule of 6

Drug:

Epinephrine

Calculation rule:

0.6 x BW(kg) = # mg

to add to diluent to

make 100 mL

volume

1 mL/h delivers 0.1 g/kg per minute


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Preparation of Drug Infusions

The Rule of 6

Drug:

Dopamine

Dobutamine

Calculation rule:

6 x BW(kg) = # mgto add to diluent to

make 100 mL

volume

1 mL h delivers 1 g kg per minute


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Caveats of Drug Infusion

TherapyDrug delivery is delayed at slow

infusion rates

Titrate the infusion

Monitor heart rate and blood pressure

continuously The Rule of 6 has limitations in larger

patients: adjust calculation


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Epinephrine Drip for a 20-kg

Patient

Drug Dose Infusion Rate

12 mg

Dose = 0.6 x 20 = 12 mg in solution totaling 100 mL fluid

To deliver 0,1 g/kg per minute

1 mL/h

1.2 mg 10 mL/h

Dilute by factor of 10 Increase by factor of 10


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Aids to Drug Calculations

Percent solution

Percentage = number of grams per

100 mL (regardless of the substance)

10 % solution = 10 g / 100 mL

= 0.1 g / mL= 100 mg/ mL

D10W = mg glucose per mL100


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Aids to Drug Calculation

Serial dilution

1 : 100 ; 1 : 1000 ; 1 : 10,000 =

1 g of any substance per 100, 1000, 10,000 mL

1 : 10,000 epinephrine = 1 g/10,000 mL

= 1 mg/10 mL= 0,1 mg/mL


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Aids to Drug Calculation

Microgram (g) 1 g = 1/1000 of a milligram, or

1 mg = 1000 g

How many g/mL are in a 1 : 10,000

solution of epinephrine ?

1 : 10,000 = 1 g/10,000 mL

= 1000 mg/10,000 mL= 1 mg/10 mL

= 1000 g/10 mL

= 100 g/mL

06a Perhitungan Cairan-elektrolit

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