06 Sec 06 -RP 571

7/21/2019 06 Sec 06 -RP 571

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/06-sec-06-rp-571 1/34

API 653: TANK INSPECTION CODE

Haward Technology Middle Ea! "Sec!ion 6

Section 6

API Recommended Practice 571

Summary

7/21/2019 06 Sec 06 -RP 571



Haward Technology Middle Ea! #Sec!ion 6


Damage Mechanisms Affecting Fixed

Eui!ment in the Refining Industry

7/21/2019 06 Sec 06 -RP 571



Haward Technology Middle Ea! 3Sec!ion 6


$eneral No!e:

"he entire API RP 571 document is not a !art of the API

65# Ins!ector $ertification Exam% &n'y the sections 'istedhere are inc'uded on the exam% $o'or !hotogra!hs of the

corrosion damage are a(ai'a)'e on'y *hen the entire

document is do*n'oaded from the internet% "he API RP

571 documents *hich *ere !urchased as hard co!ies *i''inc'ude )'ac+ and *hite !hotogra!hs on'y%

7/21/2019 06 Sec 06 -RP 571



Haward Technology Middle Ea! %Sec!ion 6

Section 1, Sco!e

7/21/2019 06 Sec 06 -RP 571




Sco!e

-enera' guidance as to the most 'i+e'y damage

mechanisms for common a''oys used in the refining and

!etrochemica' industry is !ro(ided in this recommended

!ractice%

7/21/2019 06 Sec 06 -RP 571




Section ., References

7/21/2019 06 Sec 06 -RP 571



Haward Technology Middle Ea! &Sec!ion 6

References

&ut'ines the standards/ codes and s!ecifications *hich

are cited in the recommended !ractice% "his section is

0&" inc'uded on the API 65# $ertification Exam%

7/21/2019 06 Sec 06 -RP 571



Haward Technology Middle Ea! 'Sec!ion 6

Section #, Definition of "erms and

A))re(iations

7/21/2019 06 Sec 06 -RP 571



Haward Technology Middle Ea! (Sec!ion 6

Definition of "erms and A))re(iations

"hese terms/ sym)o's and a))re(iations are 0&" inc'uded

on the API 65# $ertification Exam ho*e(er/ you are

encouraged to )ecome fami'iar *ith the termino'ogy of

the industry in order to effecti(e'y im!ro(e

communication )et*een you and the many !eo!'e

in(o'(ed in the ins!ection !rocess%

7/21/2019 06 Sec 06 -RP 571



Haward Technology Middle Ea! ")Sec!ion 6

Section 2, -enera' DamageMechanisms3A'' Industries

7/21/2019 06 Sec 06 -RP 571



Haward Technology Middle Ea! ""Sec!ion 6

-enera'

Damage mechanisms that are common to a (ariety of

industries inc'uding refining and !etrochemica'/ !u'! and

!a!er/ and fossi' uti'ity are co(ered in this section%

7/21/2019 06 Sec 06 -RP 571


7/21/2019 06 Sec 06 -RP 571



Haward Technology Middle Ea! "3Sec!ion 6

%*#*&*# + A00ec!ed Ma!erial

a% $ar)on stee's and 'o* a''oy stee's are of !rimeconcern/ !articu'ar'y o'der stee's%

)% 288 series stain'ess stee's are a'so susce!ti)'e%

Mechanica' and Meta''urgica' Fai'ure

Mechanisms

7/21/2019 06 Sec 06 -RP 571



Haward Technology Middle Ea! "%Sec!ion 6

%*#*"6 + Mechanical -a!ig.e

%*#*"6*" + Decri/!ion o0 Da1age

a% Fatigue crac+ing is a mechanica' form of degradation

that occurs *hen a com!onent is ex!osed to cyc'ica'

stresses for an extended !eriod/ often resu'ting insudden/ unex!ected fai'ure%


Mechanisms

7/21/2019 06 Sec 06 -RP 571




)% "hese stresses can arise from either mechanica'

'oading or therma' cyc'ing and are ty!ica''y *e''

)e'o* the yie'd strength of the materia'%

Mechanica' and Meta''urgica' Fai'ureMechanisms

7/21/2019 06 Sec 06 -RP 571




%*#*"6*# + A00ec!ed Ma!erial

A'' engineering a''oys are su):ect to fatigue crac+ing/

a'though the stress 'e(e's and num)er of cyc'es necessary

to cause fai'ure (ary )y materia'%


7/21/2019 06 Sec 06 -RP 571



Haward Technology Middle Ea! "&Sec!ion 6

%*3*# + A!1o/heric Corroion

%*3*#*" + Decri/!ion o0 Da1age

A form of corrosion that occurs from moisture associated

*ith atmos!heric conditions% Marine en(ironments and

moist !o''uted industria' en(ironments *ith air)ornecontaminants are most se(ere% Dry rura' en(ironments

cause (ery 'itt'e corrosion%


Mechanisms

7/21/2019 06 Sec 06 -RP 571



Haward Technology Middle Ea! "'Sec!ion 6

%*3*#*# + A00ec!ed Ma!erial

a% $ar)on Stee'

)% ;o* a''oy stee's

c% $o!!er a''oyed a'uminum


7/21/2019 06 Sec 06 -RP 571



Haward Technology Middle Ea! "(Sec!ion 6

%*3*3 + Corroion 2nder In.la!ion C2I4

%*3*3*" + Decri/!ion o0 Da1age

$orrosion of !i!ing/ !ressure (esse's and structura'

com!onents resu'ting from *ater tra!!ed under

insu'ation or fire!roofing%


7/21/2019 06 Sec 06 -RP 571



Haward Technology Middle Ea! #)Sec!ion 6

%*3*3*# + A00ec!ed Ma!erial

a% $ar)on stee'

)% ;o* a''oy stee's

c% #88 series stain'ess stee'd% Du!'ex stain'ess stee'


7/21/2019 06 Sec 06 -RP 571



Haward Technology Middle Ea! #"Sec!ion 6

%*3*' + Microiological Ind.ced Corroion MIC4

%*3*'*" + Decri/!ion o0 Da1age

A form of corrosion caused )y 'i(ing organisms such as

)acteria/ a'gae or fungi% It is often associated *ith the

!resence of tu)erc'es or s'imy organic su)stances%


7/21/2019 06 Sec 06 -RP 571



Haward Technology Middle Ea! ##Sec!ion 6

%*3*'*# + A00ec!ed Ma!erial

Most common materia's of construction/ inc'uding,

a% $ar)on stee')% ;o* a''o* stee'

c% #88 series stain'ess stee'

d% 288 series stain'ess stee'

e% A'uminum

f% $o!!er

g% Some nic+e' )ased a''oys


Mechanisms

7/21/2019 06 Sec 06 -RP 571



Haward Technology Middle Ea! #3Sec!ion 6

%*3*( + Soil Corroion

%*3*(*" + Decri/!ion o0 Da1age

"he deterioration of meta's ex!osed to soi's is referred to

as a soi' corrosion%

%*3*(*# + A00ec!ed Ma!erial

a% $ar)on stee')% $ast iron

c% Ducti'e iron


Mechanisms

7/21/2019 06 Sec 06 -RP 571



Haward Technology Middle Ea! #%Sec!ion 6

%*3*") + Ca.!ic Corroion

%*3*")*" + Decri/!ion o0 Da1age

;oca'i<ed corrosion due to the concentration of caustic or

A'+a'ine sa'ts that usua''y occurs under e(a!orati(e or

high heat transfer conditions% =o*e(er/ genera' corrosion

can a'so occur de!ending on a'+a'i or caustic so'utionstrength%


Mechanisms

7/21/2019 06 Sec 06 -RP 571




%*3*")*# + A00ec!ed Ma!erial

Primari'y car)on stee'/ 'o* a''oy stee's and #88 Series SS%


7/21/2019 06 Sec 06 -RP 571




%*5*" + Chloride S!re Corroion Cracing Cl SCC4

%*5*"*" + Decri/!ion o0 Da1age

Surface initiated crac+s caused )y en(ironmenta' crac+ing

of #88 series stain'ess stee' and some nic+e' )ase a''oys

under the com)ined action of tensi'e stress/ tem!erature

and an aueous ch'oride en(ironment% "he !resence ofdisso'(ed oxygen increases !ro!ensity for crac+ing%


7/21/2019 06 Sec 06 -RP 571



Haward Technology Middle Ea! #&Sec!ion 6

%*5*"*# + A00ec!ed Ma!erial

a% A'' #88 series stain'ess stee's are high'y susce!ti)'e

)% Du!'ex stain'ess stee's are more resistant

c% 0ic+e' )ase a''oys are high'y resistant


7/21/2019 06 Sec 06 -RP 571



Haward Technology Middle Ea! #'Sec!ion 6

%*5*3 + Ca.!ic S!re Corroion Cracing Ca.!icE1ri!!le1en!4

%*5*3*" + Decri/!ion o0 Da1age

$austic em)ritt'ement is a form of stress corrosion

crac+ing characteri<ed )y surface3initiated crac+s that

occur in !i!ing and eui!ment ex!osed to caustic/!rimari'y ad:acent to non P>="?d *e'ds%


Mechanisms

7/21/2019 06 Sec 06 -RP 571



Haward Technology Middle Ea! #(Sec!ion 6

%*5*3*# + A00ec!ed Ma!erial

a% $ar)on stee')% ;o* a''oy stee's

c% #88 series stain'ess stee'

0ic+e' )ase a''oys are more resistant%


Mechanisms

7/21/2019 06 Sec 06 -RP 571



Haward Technology Middle Ea! 3)Sec!ion 6

Section 5, Refining Industry DamageMechanisms

7/21/2019 06 Sec 06 -RP 571



Haward Technology Middle Ea! 3"Sec!ion 6

Refining Industry Damage Mechanisms

Damage mechanisms found in the refining en(ironment

are discussed in this section% &n'y Section 5%1%1%11Su'furic Acid $orrosion has )een made a !art of the API

65# $ertification Exam/ and the on'y item in this section

*hich *i'' )e co(ered in this text)oo+%

7/21/2019 06 Sec 06 -RP 571



Haward Technology Middle Ea! 3#Sec!ion 6

5*"*"*"" + S.l0.ric Acid Corroion

5*"*"*""*" + Decri/!ion o0 Da1age

Su'furic acid !romotes genera' and 'oca'i<ed corrosion of

car)on stee' and other a''oys% $ar)on stee' heat affected

<ones may ex!erience se(ere corrosion


API 653 TANK INSPECTION CODE

7/21/2019 06 Sec 06 -RP 571




5*"*"*""*# + A00ec!ed Ma!erial

In order of increasing resistance,

a% $ar)on stee'

)% #16;55

c% A''oy .8

d% =igh si'icon cast iron

e% =igh nic+e' cast ironf% A''oy 43.

g% A''oy $.76


API 653 TANK INSPECTION CODE

7/21/2019 06 Sec 06 -RP 571



Haward Technology Middle Ea! 3%Sec!ion 6

"he rest of this document is ta)'es and diagrams of

!rocess f'o* diagrams PFD?s/ *hich are not co(ered inthe API 65# $ertification Exam%


06 Sec 06 -RP 571

Documents

Transcript of 06 Sec 06 -RP 571