03 Klasifikasi Penyakit Dan Keadaan Yang Mempengaruhi Jaringan Periodontium

8/14/2019 03 Klasifikasi Penyakit Dan Keadaan Yang Mempengaruhi Jaringan Periodontium

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CL SSIFIC TION OF DISE SES NDCONDITIONS FFECTINGTHE PERIODONTIUM

Melok Aris Wahyukundari, drg., M.Kes.


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AAP (American Academy of Periodontology)

International for Classification of Periodontal

Workshop Disease 1999 :-------------------------------------------------------------

A. Classification of Periodontal Disease :

1. Gingival Diseases*- Plaque-induced gingival diseases

- Non-plaque-induced gingival

lesions

2. Chronic Periodontitis**- Localized

- Generalized


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3. Aggressive Periodontitis

- Localized

- Generalized

4. Periodontitis as manifestation of systemic

diseases

5. Necrotizing Periodontal Diseases

- Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (NUG)

- Necrotizing ulcerative Periodontitis

(NUP)

6. Abscesses of the periodontium

- Gingival Abscess


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- Periodontal absces

- Pericoronal abscess

7. Periodontitis associated with EndodonticLesions

- Endodontic-periodontal lesion

- Periodontal-endodontic lesion- Combined lesion

8. Developmental or Acquired Deformities and

Conditions- Localized tooth-related factors that

predispose to plaque-induced gingival or

periodontitis


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- Mucogingival deformities and conditions

around teeth

- Mucogingival deformities and conditionson edentulous ridge

- Occlusal trauma

______________________________________


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* Penyakit yang terjadi hanya pada gingiva tanpa ada

kehilangan perlekatan Or terjadi pada gingiva

dengan kehilangan perlekatan yang stabil dan tidak

berkembang.

** Dapat diklasifikasikan menurut :

1. Luas daerah :- Localized (< 30% terlibat)

- Generalized (> 30% terlibat)

2. Keparahan CAL (clinical attachment loss):

- Slight = 1 or 2 mm CAL

- Moderate = 3 or 4 mm CAL

- Severe > 5 mm CAL


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B. Gingival Diseases

Dental Plaque-Induced Gingival Diseases

I. Gingivitis associated with dental plaque onlyA. Without local contributing factor

B. With local contributing factors

II. Gingival diseases modified by systemic

factorsA. Associated with the endocrine system :

1. Puberty-associated gingivitis

2. Menstrual cycle-associated gingivitis

3. Pregnancy associateda. Gingivitis

b. Pyogenic granuloma


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4. Diabetes mellitus-associated gingivitis

B. Associated with blood dyscrasias

1. Leukemia-associated gingivitis

2. Other

III. Gingival diseases modified by medications

A. Drug-influences gingival diseases

1. Drug-influences gingival enlargement2. Drug-influences gingivitis

a. Oral contraceptive-associated. G.

b. Other

IV. Gingival diseases modified by malnutritionA. Ascorbic acid deficiency gingivitis

B. Other

______________________


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Non-Plaque-Induced Gingival Lesions

I. Gingival diseases of spesific bacterial origin

A. Neisseria gonorrhoe

B. Treponema pallidum

C. Streptococcal species

D. OtherII. Gingival diseases of viral origin

A. Herpesvirus infections

1. Primary herpetic gingivostomatitic

2. Recurrent oral herpes3. Vericella Zoster

B.Other


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III. Gingival diseases of fungal origin

A. Candida-species infections: Generalized

gingival candidosis

B. Linier gingival erythema

C. Histoplasmosis

D. OtherIV. Gingival lesions of genetic origin

A. Hereditery gingival fibromatosis

B. OtherV. Gingival manifestations of systemic

conditions


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V. Gingival manifestations of systemic

conditions

A. Mucocutaneous lesions

1. Lichen planus

2. Pemphigoid

3. Pemphigus vulgaris

4. erythema multiforme5. Lupus erythematosus

6. Drug induced

7. Other

B. Allergic reactions1. Dental restorative material: Mercury, nickel,

acrylic, other


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2. Reactions attributable to

a. Toothpaste or dentrifices

b. Mouthrinses or mouthwashesc. Chewing gum additive

d. Food and additive

3. Other

VI. Traumatic lesions (Factitious, iatrogenic,or accidental)

A. Chemical injury

B. Physical injury

C. Thermal injury

VII. Foreign body reactions

VIII.Not otherwise specified


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C. Periodontitis :

- keradangan jaringan pendukung gigi

- bakteri periodontopatogen- kerusakan periodontal ligamen dan tulang

alveolar

- terbentuk poket, resesi gingiva atau keduanya

- kehilangan perlekatan klinis

Klasifikasi Periodontitis:

1. Chronic Periodontitis

2. Aggressive Periodontitis3. Periodontitis as a Manifestation of Systemic

Diseases

________________________________________


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1. Chronic Periodontitis

- umumnya usia dewasa> 35 th

(anak-anak bisa terjadi)- banyaknya kerusakanfaktor lokal

- mikrobialvariable

- Kalkulus subgingivalsering ditemukan- perkembangan penyakitslowmoderat

kemungkinan bisa cepat

- predisposisi: p. sistemik (DM, HIV),faktor lokal

faktor lingkungan (merokok,

stres)


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2. Aggressive Periodontitis

- 1030 th

- klinis: sehatt ada akumulasi yang besar

dari plak dan kalkulus

- kerusakan tulang dan loss attachment

cepat

- Jumlah deposit mikrobial keparahan

- Genetikfamilial history

- Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans


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a. Localized Aggressive Periodontitis :

- usia muda (pubertal)

- molar pertama or insisive denganproksimalloss attachmentsedikitnya 2 gigi permanen

(M1)

- respon antibodi serumkuatb. Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis :

- < 30 th (atau lebih )

- sedikitnya pada 3 gigi permanen lain selaindari molar pertama dan insisive

- respon antibodi serumlemah

03 Klasifikasi Penyakit Dan Keadaan Yang Mempengaruhi Jaringan Periodontium

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