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Coordinating and Financing R&D in Developing Countries-moving beyond PDP's

The ANDI Experience

Solomon Nwaka

CEWG on R&D Financing & Coordination, April 6, 2011

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ANDI Vision

"Creating a sustainable platform for R&D innovation in Africa to address Africa’s own health needs"

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ANDI touches 8 elements of the GSPOA

1. prioritizing research and development needs; 2. promoting research and development;

3. building and improving innovative capacity; 4. transfer of technology;

5. application and management of intellectual property; 6. improving delivery and access;

7. ensuring sustainable financing mechanisms; 8. establishing monitoring and reporting systems.

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Evolution of ANDI

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>500 people at ANDI Meeting Nairobi 2010

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Mapping & priority setting exercise supports ANDI establishment

Exploratory ResearchNatural product / TMClinicalMarketing

Medicinal ChemistryIP managementRegulatoryManufacturing

Pre-clinical toxicologySafety / pharmacologyAPI production

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SOURCE: Thomson Web of Science

Cities with 30 or more articles published in the 2004 - 08 period

Total of 90 cities in 27 countries

16,647 biomedical articles led by African authors included in analysis

Note: Only top 40 cities by research output labeled

Competency research centers exist

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R&D collaborations biased externally e.g. HIV/AIDS

SOURCE: Thomson Web of Science, UCINET

Institut PasteurWHO

Univ Washington Univ AmsterdamJohns Hopkins Univ

Univ Witwatersrand

CDCUniv Alabama

Univ North Carolina

UCSF

London Sch Hyg & Trop Med

Makerere UnivUniv Nairobi

Univ London

Columbia UnivHarvard Univ

Univ KwaZulu

Univ Oxford

Univ Zimbabwe

UCL

Muhimbili Univ

Natl Inst Communicable Dis

Univ Cape Town

Size equivalent to no. of article with lead authorSize equivalent to no. of article with lead author

9SOURCE: Delphion, VantagePoint, UCINET

Patent activity also biased externally

US

UruguaySouth Africa

Madagascar

Kenya

Benin

Guinea

MoroccoEgypt

Tunisia

UK

France

Belgium Netherlands

Japan

Canada

US

UruguaySouth Africa

Madagascar

Kenya

Benin

Guinea

MoroccoEgypt

Tunisia

UK

France

Belgium Netherlands

Japan

Canada

1 -23 - 45 - 8

9 - 11

> 11

Patent #

Total: 164

1 -23 - 45 - 8

9 - 11

> 11

Patent #

Total: 164

Note: Patents published in the period 2004-2009 by WIPO or the US and European patent offices with at least one assignee from Africa (under under International Patent Codes A61K or A61P)

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WHA62.16, 2009: "ANDI is a key initiative aimed at supporting and promoting African led health product

innovation…."

AMCOST, 2010: "AMCOST welcomes…African Network for Drugs and Diagnostics Innovation (ANDI) and its anticipated contribution to the

science, technology and innovation……''

ANDI approach has received political recognition

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Governance

Hosting Agency– UNECA

Board– Co-Chaired by:

Minister Mugo of Kenya (Health)

Minister Pandor of South Africa (S&T)– 12 members with >75% from Africa– WHO, AfDB, UNECA

Secretariat– Operates through regional hubs

North hub

Central hub

South hub

East hubWest hub

ANDI Office

Advocacy

IP/technology transfer

R&D coordination

STAC

African InnovationFund

Board

Executive committee (EC) Finance

Committee (FC)

Board

Fund

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ANDI business model – network-based projects

Function

Infrastructure improved

Competence/excellence centers developedR&D capability built

Scope

Example: Drug for

TB/Malaria

Example: Schisto

diagnosticExample:

TM1 project

Core R&D activities

▪ Project/portfolio management▪ Funding▪ IP management

Brokerage▪ Advocacy▪ Public/private partnerships

Network support

▪ Research equipment▪ Research facilities▪ Knowledge/IT management

Project 1 Project 2 Project 3Function

Infrastructure improved

Competence/excellence centers developedR&D capability built

Scope

Example: Drug for

TB/Malaria

Example: Schisto

diagnosticExample:

TM1 project

Core R&D activities

▪ Project/portfolio management▪ Funding▪ IP management

Core R&D activities

▪ Project/portfolio management▪ Funding▪ IP management

Brokerage▪ Advocacy▪ Public/private partnershipsBrokerage▪ Advocacy▪ Public/private partnerships

Network support

▪ Research equipment▪ Research facilities▪ Knowledge/IT management

Network supportNetwork support

▪ Research equipment▪ Research facilities▪ Knowledge/IT management

Project 1 Project 2 Project 3

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ANDI's IT platform - open access and secure components

ANDI database

BasicResearch

ProductDiscovery

ProductDevelopment

& Clinical

Regulation/Manufacturing

Networking & Knowledge Management Space

African &ANDI R&D

ProfessionalNetwork

Protocols,SOP &

ReportingProcesses

Researchlibrary, tools &

InformationSystem

Research &ANDI

policies

Open Access

Search Engine

Secure Backbone ANDI PPP1 management tool

ANDI database

BasicResearch

ProductDiscovery

ProductDevelopment

& Clinical

Regulation/Manufacturing

Networking & Knowledge Management Space

African &ANDI R&D

ProfessionalNetwork

Protocols,SOP &

ReportingProcesses

Researchlibrary, tools &

InformationSystem

Research &ANDI

policies

Open Access

Search Engine

Secure Backbone ANDI PPP1 management tool

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Technical progress & challenges

– Centres of Excellence for health innovation in Africa being identified (public & private)

• Call resulted in 130 applications being reviewed

– Call for projects resulted in 207 project applications • Projects being reviewed & prioritized for funding

– Key challenge is: $$$$$$$• EU have provided seed funds

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Financing options

Trust Fund at UNECA– Seeking to grow to $30M p.a. in regular contributions in 5 years– Actively fund raising

Exploring – Additional Trust Funds with other partners– Endowment Fund

Potential to leverage financing for projects / infrastructure– National Resources (public and private) – Governments and development agencies– Development and trade banks– Foundations and others …….

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One measure of success in 5 - 10yrs

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Lessons learned through ANDI

Desire for regionally coordinated / facilitated approach– Support at technical, business and political levels important

Address interface between research and market access early – Local product manufacture, regulatory and IP issues

Need for alignment between public and private sectors– Interest from governments, development and private banks

Link to Regional Science, Technology and Innovation policies– Support for SMEs, manufacture and commercialization

R&D financing should consider ALL these opportunities and the potential power of catalytic financing and leverage at local level

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Future coordinating role may be required